Minimize the use of `break` and `continue` in loops

Reason

In a non-trivial loop body, it is easy to overlook a break or a continue.

A break in a loop has a dramatically different meaning than a break in a switch-statement (and you can have switch-statement in a loop and a loop in a switch-case).

Example

switch(x) {
case 1 :
    while (/* some condition */) {
        // ...
    break;
    } // Oops! break switch or break while intended?
case 2 :
    // ...
    break;
}

Alternative

Often, a loop that requires a break is a good candidate for a function (algorithm), in which case the break becomes a return.

//Original code: break inside loop
void use1()
{
    std::vector<T> vec = {/* initialized with some values */};
    T value;
    for (const T item : vec) {
        if (/* some condition*/) {
            value = item;
            break;
        }
    }
    /* then do something with value */
}

//BETTER: create a function and return inside loop
T search(const std::vector<T> &vec)
{
    for (const T &item : vec) {
        if (/* some condition*/) return item;
    }
    return T(); //default value
}

void use2()
{
    std::vector<T> vec = {/* initialized with some values */};
    T value = search(vec);
    /* then do something with value */
}

Often, a loop that uses continue can equivalently and as clearly be expressed by an if-statement.

for (int item : vec) {  // BAD
    if (item%2 == 0) continue;
    if (item == 5) continue;
    if (item > 10) continue;
    /* do something with item */
}

for (int item : vec) {  // GOOD
    if (item%2 != 0 && item != 5 && item <= 10) {
        /* do something with item */
    }
}

Note

If you really need to break out a loop, a break is typically better than alternatives such as modifying the loop variable or a goto:

Enforcement

???